【知识分享】你不得不知道的自然拼读发音规律,建议收藏!

英语是拼音文字,所有的词汇都是由26个字母拼出来的,而在成千上万的不同拼法中,基本发音因素却只有39-47个,这说明26个字母与基本音素间是有着一定的关联的。

字母与发音一一对应的辅音

b-- ball

d-- dog

f-- fish

h-- hat

j-- jump

k-- kite

l -- leg

m-- man

n-- not

p-- pen

q– quick

r-- run

s-- sun

t-- ten

v-- vest

w-- water

z-- zoo

(注意q与u总是连在一起的)

有多个发音的辅音:

字母 发音 例词

c字母c后面接a,o,u的时候,c的发音与字母k发音相同,叫做“hard c sound”cat, cap, call, coat, cup

当字母c后面接e,i,或y的时候,通常c的发音与字母s发音相同,叫做“soft c sound”city, ice, rice, face, cell, cent, voice, pencil, juice

有时在e或i前面,c会发/sh/音ocean, racial, social

g字母g后面接a,o,u的时候,所发的音叫做“hard g sound” girl, gas, get, give, go

当字母g后面接e,i,或y的时候,有时g的发音与字母j的发音相同,叫做“软g音”age, change, ginger, Egypt, gentle, giraffe, badge

特例:forget, give, girl中的g发hard sound

x在单词中间或结尾时发/ks/音box, next, mix, six, fox

x在单词中间时有时发/gz/音 exit, exam, exact

x在单词起始位置时发/z/音xylophone, Xerox

y在单词起始位置时发音为辅音 yes, you, yard, year, yell

y在单词或音节中间或结尾时被当做元音

y在结尾,单词只有一个音节时y发长/i/音

y在结尾,单词有两个或以上音节时y发长/e/音

y在单词或音节中间时,发短/i/音

字母组合 例词:

带有l的字母组合

bl-- black, blame, bless, blue, blast

cl--clock, class, clap, clue, close

fl--flag, fly, flat, flash, flower

gl--glass, glad, glide, glue, globe

pl--plate, plane, place, plus, plan

sl--sled, sleep, slow, slide, slim

带有r的字母组合

br--bridge, break, brave, brown, bread

cr--crab, crack, crop, crown, creek

dr--dress, drag, drink, drive, drop

fr--frog, fresh, free, from, front

gr--grape, grade, grass, grin, grunt

pr--press, pride, price, print, proof

tr--truck, track, true, train, tree

带有s的字母组合

sc--scale, scar, score, scare, scuff

sk--skate, skip, skill, skull, skin

sm--smoke, smile, smog, smell, smear

sn--snake, snap, snore, snow, snug

sp--spoon, spin, spot, spell, sport

st--stop, stack, stay, step, still

sw--swim, swell, swing, sweet, swift

tw--twig, tweet, twist, twin, twine

三个字母组合

shr--shrink, shred, shrill, shrimp, shrub

spl --splash, split, splice, splint, splurge

spr --spread, spring, spree, sprain, spray

squ--square, squad, squirrel, squat, squeak

str --string, strip, straw, stream, street

thr--throw, three, throne, thrift, thrill

在结尾的字母组合

ck(只发一个/k/音) --duck, pack, quick, luck, rock

ld--cold, gold, held, mild, bald

lk--milk, silk, elk, sulk, skulk

mp--lamp, damp, champ, hump, dump

nch--inch, ranch, lunch, bench, crunch

nd--hand, kind, bend, stand, mind

ng(这个音比较特别,是舌头抵住上颚后方所发出的鼻音)--ring, long, sing, wing, lung

nk--sink, bank, trunk, pink, ink

nt--tent, ant, hunt, sent, mint

sh--fish, rash, brush, wish, trash

st--vest, last, test, list, lost

字母组合 不发音字母 例词

gh hghost, ghetto, ghastly

gn ggnat, gnarl, gnaw, gnome, sign

kn kknife, knit, know, knock, knee

mb bcomb, lamb, thumb, dumb, climb

pn ppneumonia

ps ppsalm, psychic, psychology

rhhrhinoceros, rhyme, rhythm

sc cscissors, scent, scene, scenery, scenario

wr wwrong, wrist, wrap, wretch, wrench

gh ghlight, high, eight, sigh, night

学习phonics,除了要熟记各种规则外,还应多读,多练,才能把各种不规则发音牢记在心,灵活运用。

来源:网络